Rules of Open-Ended Questions on Comprehension Passages

Featured image for “Rules of Open-Ended Questions on Comprehension Passages”

Open-Ended questions or close ended questions are short questions based on a comprehension passage in which you need to answer each question following certain rules and based on the given information, facts, or events within the following passage. You must know the rules, structures, and processes of answering these open-ended questions through understanding the meaning of the passage. This is what we are going to learn today.

Advertisements

Open-Ended questions āĻŦāĻž Essay type question āĻšāĻšā§āϛ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ āĻāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āϝāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāĻĒā§āϤ āφāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ• āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻĻāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āϝ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ āϟāĻŋ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“ā§ŸāĻž āφāϛ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāχ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāĻĒā§āϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ• āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ-āĻ•āĻžāύ⧁āύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āϜāĻžāύāĻžāϟāĻž āĻ…āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĨ¤ āĻāĻ•āĻ•āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ, āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āĻ—āĻ āύāĻ—āϤ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύāĻŦā§‹āϧāĻ• āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāϗ⧁āϞ⧋āϰ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āϜāĻžāύāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āϏ⧇āϟāĻžāχ āĻļāĻŋāĻ–āĻŦā§‹ āϝ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āϧāĻžāĻĒ⧇ āϧāĻžāĻĒ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ•āĻŋ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāϰāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻāχ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύāϗ⧁āϞ⧋āϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āϏāĻšāĻœā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤

What are Open-Ended Questions?

Questions based on a comprehension passage and followed by WH-question words (who/what/why) or verbal question words (am/is/are) are generally known as open-ended questions. You need to read the given comprehension passage first and then you have to answer given questions with proper understanding of your reading. This is why, it’s is known as ‘comprehension passage‘

If you are a student of a school or college, you should be already familiar with these questions as passage questions. So, this lesson is going to be another one important segment of our School & College Exam Lessons series.

āĻāχ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāĻĒā§āϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ-āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāϟāĻŋ āĻœā§‡.āĻāϏ.āϏāĻŋ, āĻāϏ.āĻāϏ.āϏāĻŋ, āĻāχāϚ.āĻāϏ.āϏāĻŋ āĻŦā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻĄ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻž āϝ⧇āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻ­āĻ°ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāϏ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤ āϏ⧁āϤ⧁āϰāĻžāĻ‚, āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻāχāϰāĻ•āĻŽ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻ›āĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻŦāĻž āĻ›āĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ⧀ āĻšāĻ“ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻāχ short question āĻāϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āϏ⧁āĻŽā§āĻš āϜāĻžāύāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ­āĻžāϞ⧋ āύāĻŽā§āĻŦāϰ āĻĒ⧇āϤ⧇āĨ¤Â 

However, now we should start our discussionâ€Ļ.
āϝāĻžāχāĻšā§‹āĻ•, āĻāĻ–āύ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āφāϞ⧋āϚāύāĻž āĻļ⧁āϰ⧁ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻ•â€Ļ

Types of Open-Ended Questions

Firstly, you should learn the types of short questions you may face. Yes, there are three types of short questions you may face in your exams. 
āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽāϤ, āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āϝ⧇ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ short questions āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύāϗ⧁āϞ⧋āϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āϏ⧇āϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āĻšā§‡āύāĻž āωāϚāĻŋā§ŽāĨ¤ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāρ, āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ ā§Š āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ¨ā§āĻŽā§āĻ–āĻŋāύ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧋āσ

Advertisements
WH-Question Words - Open-ended Questions
WH-Question Words

1. WH-Questions – (WH-Questions āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ⧇ āĻ—āĻ āĻŋāϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ)

(who/ what/ which/ whom/ why/ when/ where/ how)

2. Verbal Questions – (Verbal āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ—āĻ āĻŋāϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ)

(am/ is/ are/ was/ were/ shall/ will/ have/ has/ had/ do/ does/ did/ can/ could/ should/ may)

3. Contextual Questions – (āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ)

(Your personal comments, thoughts, observations, ideas on the passage)

Structure of Open-Ended Questions

Secondly, you must know the structure of an interrogative sentence or question which is:
āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧāϤ, āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āϜāĻžāύāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ-āĻŦā§‹āϧāĻ• āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧇āĻŽāύ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

Structure: 

WH-Question+ Auxiliary verb+ Subject+ Main verb+ Object+ Extra+ ?
Or,

Auxiliary verb+ Subject+ Main verb+ Object+ Extra+ ?


Examples:

Whydoesthe boyhelpthis person?
WH-QuestionAuxiliary verbSubjectMain verbObject
Doeshelikemusicin the afternoon?
Auxiliary verbSubjectMain verbObjectextra

3 Steps for Open-Ended Questions

Now, I will tell you the steps through which you will answer a short question. There are 3 steps you should follow one by one during your answering. Here are those:

āĻāĻ–āύ, āφāĻŽāĻŋ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāĻĒā§āϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧇āϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϧāĻžāĻĒāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āĻŦāϞāĻŦāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧇āϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ ā§Š āϟāĻŋ āϧāĻžāĻĒ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāϰāύ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύ⧇ āϏ⧇āϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āφāϞ⧋āϚāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϞāσ

STEP: 01 Meaning of Question Words

āϧāĻžāĻĒāσ ā§Ļā§§ (āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύāĻŦā§‹āϧāĻ• āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāϗ⧁āϞ⧋āϰ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āϜāĻžāύāĻž)

At first, notice the question word in the sentence and try to understand what it is searching for. For this, learn the different meanings of different WH-Question words.

āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽā§‡, āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝ āĻ•āϰ⧋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋ question word āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ–ā§‹āρāϜāĻž āĻšāĻšā§āϛ⧇ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāχāϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ question word āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āϜāĻžāύāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤

  • Who – (indicates a person as subject) (āϕ⧇?-āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤāĻž āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇)
  • What – (indicates a thing or object) (āĻ•āĻŋ?-āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧇ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ)
  • Which – (indicates a person or thing but particularly) (āϕ⧋āύāϟāĻŋ?-āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āϕ⧋āύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϕ⧇ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ)
  • Whom – (indicates a person in as object) (āĻ•āĻžāϕ⧇?-āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĒāϰ⧋āĻ•ā§āώ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇)
  • When – (indicates the time of an action) (āĻ•āĻ–āύ?-āϝ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇)
  • Where – (indicates the place of an action) (āϕ⧋āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ?-āϝ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύāϕ⧇ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ)
  • Why – (indicates the cause or purpose of an action) (āϕ⧇āύ?-āϕ⧋āύ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāύ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ)
  • How – (indicates the process, type, condition of someone or something) (āĻ•āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇/āĻ•āϤāĻ–āĻžāύāĻŋ?-āϕ⧋āύ āĻ•āĻžāĻœā§‡āϰ āĻŦāĻž āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁āϰ āϧāϰāύ,āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ)

Example:

Question: Who is Fahim’s elder brother?

Advertisements

(Who- indicates a person) (āϕ⧇?-āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤāĻž āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇)
Answer: Rakib is Fahim’s elder brother.

Question: Why is the boy waiting here?

Advertisements

(Why-indicates the reason or purpose) (āϕ⧇āύ?-āϕ⧋āύ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāύ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ)
Answer: The boy is waiting here for taking a book.

STEP: 02 Finding Out The Required Elements

āϧāĻžāĻĒāσ ā§Ļ⧍ (āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύ āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž)

Now, you will mark the elements of your question sentence. And in this case, you will miss one element in the whole structure. It may be subject, object, or extra. You have to bring that element from the information of passage and put it in the answer. If you are not clear about different elements of a sentence, i would suggest you to read this lesson Analysis of Sentences first. It will help you to understand this lesson better.

āĻāĻ–āύ, āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύāĻŦā§‹āϧāĻ• āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ•āϞ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āϚāĻŋāĻšā§āύāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāχ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇, āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āϝ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύ āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻŦ⧇āύāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻā§‡āĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ subject, object āĻŦāĻž extra āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āϏ⧇āχ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύāϟāĻŋ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ⧇āϰ (Passage) āĻŽāĻžāĻ āĻšāϤ⧇ āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āφāϏāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ⧇ āĻŦāϏāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤

Notice the questions below:
āύāĻŋāĻšā§‡āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝ āĻ•āϰ⧋āσ

Question: When did he tell the story?
Answer: He told the storyâ€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļ.  

(extra is missing) (‘āĻ…āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻ¤â€™ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύ āύ⧇āχ)

Question: Who is the present chairman of the company?
Answer: â€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļ is the present chairman of the company. 

(subject is missing) (‘āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤāĻžâ€™ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύ āύ⧇āχ)

In 1st sentence, Note that here ‘when’ is a question word, ‘did’ is an auxiliary verb, ‘he’ is a subject, ‘tell’ is a main verb, and ‘the story’ is an object. So, here the part ‘extra’ is missing and you have to find out that word from the passage and put it at the last of the answer.

ā§§āĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝ āĻ•āϰ⧋ āϝ⧇ āϏāĻ•āϞ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύ ‘when’-question word, ‘did’-auxiliary verb, ‘he’-subject, ‘tell’-main verb, ‘the story’-object āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āϏ⧁āϤ⧁āϰāĻžāĻ‚, āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻāχ ‘extra’ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύāϟāĻŋ āύ⧇āχāĨ¤ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻāχ ‘extra’ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύāϟāĻŋ āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ (Passage) āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻž āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇ āĻļ⧇āώ⧇ āĻŦāϏāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤

Advertisements

In 2nd sentence, Note that here ‘who; is a question word, ‘is’ is an auxiliary verb, ‘the present chairman’ is an object or complement and ‘of the company’ is an extra word. So, here the element ‘subject’ is missing and you have to find out the answer word from the passage and put it at the beginning of the answer.

āĻāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝ āĻ•āϰ⧋ āϝ⧇ āϏāĻ•āϞ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύ ‘who’-question word, ‘is’-auxiliary verb, ‘the present chairman’-object or complement, ‘of the company’-extra word āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āϏ⧁āϤ⧁āϰāĻžāĻ‚, āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ ‘subject’ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύāϟāĻŋ āύ⧇āχāĨ¤ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻāχ ‘subject’ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύāϟāĻŋ āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ (Passage) āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻž āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇ āĻļ⧁āϰ⧁āϤ⧇ āĻŦāϏāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤

Here is a short-cut way of understanding the missing option:

āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύ āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāĻšāϜ āĻ•ā§ŒāĻļāϞ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϞāσ

(Who/what/which) – indicates subject and its answer will place at the beginning.

āĻāϟāĻŋ ‘subject’ āϕ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻļ⧁āϰ⧁āϤ⧇ āĻŦāϏāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

(Whom/when/where/why/how) – indicates object or extra and its answer will place at last of the sentence.

āĻāϟāĻŋ ‘object’ āĻŦāĻž ‘extra’ āϕ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻļ⧇āώ⧇ āĻŦāϏāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

So, among the 3 elements such as subject, object, or extra, one element will be missing. You have to find out that element according to the direction of WH-Question and place that in right position.

 āϏ⧁āϤ⧁āϰāĻžāĻ‚, āĻāχ ā§Š āϟāĻŋ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύ ‘subject, object,’ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ ‘extra’ āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϝ⧇āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻŦ⧇āύāĻžāĨ¤ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻ“āχ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύāϟāĻŋ ‘WH-Question’ āĻāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāύāĻž āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧇ āĻŦāϏāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤

Advertisements

The structure of your answer will be: Subject+ verbs (auxiliary verb+ main verb)+ object+ extra.

So, if the object or extra is missing, you will start your answer from the question by putting the subject, verb and finally you will place the missing word. But, if the subject is missing, you will put the answer word at first and after that you will place the verb, object, and extra from the question.

āϏ⧁āϤ⧁āϰāĻžāĻ‚, āϝāĻĻāĻŋ ‘object’ āĻŦāĻž ‘extra’ āύāĻž āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āϞ⧇āĻ–āĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϜāϟāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻļ⧁āϰ⧁ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ subject āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ verb āĻŦāϏāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻŦāĻļ⧇āώ⧇ āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧇āϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ ‘object’ āĻŦāĻž ‘extra’ āϟāĻž āĻŦāϏāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āφāϰ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ ‘subject’ āĻŦāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤāĻž āύāĻž āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽā§‡ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧇āϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ ‘subject’ āϟāĻž āĻŦāϏāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰāĻĒāϰ āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āĻšāϤ⧇ ‘verb, object’ āĻŦāĻž ‘extra’ āĻŦāϏāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤

So, I think the 70% answer of your question is present in question itself. You have to just find out a small part and put that at right place.

āϏ⧁āϤ⧁āϰāĻžāĻ‚, āφāĻŽāĻŋ āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻ•āϰāĻŋ āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧇āϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ ā§­ā§Ļ% āϏ⧇āχ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ, āĻāĻ•āϟ⧁ āϛ⧋āϟ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ (Passage) āĻšāϤ⧇ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āϖ⧁āρāĻœā§‡ āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧇ āĻŦāϏāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤

STEP: 03 Tense Marking of The Question

āϧāĻžāĻĒāσ ā§Ļā§Š (āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϞ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž)

You have to mark in which tense the question is formed. You have to answer in similar tense according to the tense of question. In same topic, the tense of that sentence in passage may be same or different. But do not follow the tense of passage.

Just follow the tense of the answer in which the question is. If you haven’t yet studied tense properly, please check out this lesson on Tenses in English. We have also a lesson on the rules of right forms of verbs which can give you more clear idea about agreement between subject and verb.

āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύāϟāĻŋ āϕ⧋āύ āĻ•āĻžāϞ āĻŦāĻž Tense āĻ āφāϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āϝ⧇ Tense āĻ āφāϛ⧇ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āϏ⧇āχ Tense āĻ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻ“āχ āĻāĻ•āχ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ (Passage) āĻ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ•āĻžāϞ āĻŦāĻž Tense āĻ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝāϟāĻŋ āϤāĻŦ⧁āĻ“ āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āϝ⧇āχ Tense āĻ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āφāϛ⧇ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āϏ⧇āχ Tense āĻ āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤

There is a short guideline for you in case of tense:

Advertisements

āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ Tense āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϛ⧋āϟ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāύāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϞāσ

Type of TenseSign in QuestionChanges in Answer
Present Indefinite Tensedo/does(do=same form of main verb)   (does= main verb+ s/es)
  Past Indefinite TensedidPast form of main verb
All Other TensesAm/is/are/was/were/have/has/had/can/could/shall/will/should/would/may/might.(Same auxiliary verb+ Same main verb)
Tenses in Questions

SO, You have observed that only in Present Indefinite Tense and Past Indefinite Tense, you have to change the form of main verb. But in all other tenses, you need not change the forms of verbs.

āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧇, āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻļā§āϚāϝāĻŧ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ› āϝ⧇ āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ Present Indefinite Tense āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Past Indefinite Tense āĻ Auxiliary verb āĻāϰ āϰ⧁āĻĒ āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āĻŽā§‚āϞ verb āĻāϰ āϰ⧁āĻĒ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•āĻŋ āϏāĻŦ Tense āĻāϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ verb āĻāϰ āϕ⧋āύ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ āĻšāϝāĻŧāύāĻžāĨ¤

 Now observe these examples:

āĻāĻ–āύ āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝ āĻ•āϰāσ

Question: When does he play cricket?

Answer: He plays cricket in the afternoon. (does=verb+ s/es)

Question: Where do they wait regularly?

Answer: They wait regularly in the field. (do=base form of verb)

 Question: Why did the man leave the party?

Advertisements

 Answer: The man left the part because of his illness. (did=past form of verb)

 Question: Where is he reading now?

 Answer: He is reading now in his room. (is reading= is reading)

 Question: When have they visited the place?

 Answer: They have visited the place today morning. (have visited=have visited)

Answering Verbal Questions

(āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧇āϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ)

The all steps I have described above are also applicable for verbal questions. But there is a different pattern of answering a verbal question. Here, is the structure of answering verbal questions:

āĻ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āφāĻŽāĻŋ āϝ⧇ āϧāĻžāĻĒāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āφāϞ⧋āϚāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāϞāĻžāĻŽ āϤāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŦāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āĻŦāĻž verbal questions āĻāϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧋āĻœā§āϝāĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ verbal questions āĻāϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ—āĻ āύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŖāĻžāϞ⧀ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύ⧇ āϏ⧇āχ āĻ—āĻ āύāϟāĻŋ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ– āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϞāσ

Yes/No, subject+ verb+ object+ extra

Note: You have to write ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ at the beginning of the answer according to the information of the passage and next, you have to re-write all the elements again in your answer without changing.

Advertisements

āĻŽāύ⧇ āϰ⧇āĻ–, āĻāϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āϞ⧇āĻ–āĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ ‘Yes’ āĻŦāĻž ‘No’ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāϟāĻŋ āϞāĻŋāĻ–āϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ⧇āϰ (Passage) āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āϤāĻĨā§āϝ āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāϰāĻĒāϰ āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧇ āϝ⧇ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ⧇ āϤāĻž āĻšā§āĻŦ⧁āĻšā§ āϞāĻŋāϖ⧇ āĻĻāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āϕ⧋āύ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ āĻŦāĻžāĻĻ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻŦ⧇āύāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āύāĻžāĨ¤

āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύ⧇āϰ āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ āϟāĻŋ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āσ
See the example:

Question: Does he like modern music?
Answer: Yes, he likes modern music.

Types of Contextual Questions

(āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ)
Except WH-Questions or Verbal questions, there is another one type of question which is known as Contextual Question. Yes, sometimes, you may be asked about your personal point of view, thoughts, observations based on the information of the passage. Here, you have to answer in your own statement. You cannot copy any sentence directly from the passage.

WH-Questions āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Verbal questions āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ“ āφāϰāĻ“ āĻāĻ• āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĒ⧇āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧋ āϝāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āύāĻžāĻŽā§‡ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϚāĻŋāϤāĨ¤ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻ•āĻ–āύ⧋ āĻ•āĻ–āύ⧋ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ⧇āϰ (Passage) āωāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻĻ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋāĻ­āĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋ,āϚāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻœā§‡āϰ āĻ­āĻžāώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āϏāϰāĻžāϏāϰāĻŋ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ (Passage) āĻšāϤ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŦ⧇āύāĻžāĨ¤

āĻāĻ–āύ āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύ⧇āϰ āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝ āĻ•āϰ⧋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝāĻžāĻ‚āĻļ āϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āĻŽā§āϖ⧁āĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āύāĻžāĻ“āĨ¤
Now follow the examples and memorize these phrases:

Question: What is the purpose of the passage?
Answer: The purpose of the passage is toâ€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļ.

Question: According to you what should be the appropriate title of the passage?
Answer: According to me, the suitable title of the passage should beâ€Ļâ€Ļ “ â€Ļ”

Question: Mention the view of the writer of the passage?
Answer: The view of the writer of the passage isâ€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļ

Question: What do you think about the passage?
Answer: I think about the passage is thatâ€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļ

Question: What does the phrase “â€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļ..” mean in this passage?
Answer: The phrase “â€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļ..” means in this passage isâ€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļ

One more variation!

(āφāϰāĻ“ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύāϤāĻž!)

We have discussed all the steps of answering short questions. Now, there is one more variation I want to add here. It is about the answering the question word ‘why’. Now, see the answering process of the question word ‘why’.

āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻāϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻĻ⧇āĻŦāĻžāϰ āϏāĻ•āϞ āϧāĻžāĻĒāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āφāϞ⧋āϚāύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻāĻ–āύ āφāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻŽāĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϝāĻž āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻœā§‡āύ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻ–āĻžāϟāĻž āĻ­āĻžāϞ⧋āĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻž āĻšāĻšā§āϛ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύāĻŦā§‹āϧāĻ• ‘why’ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ⧇āϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻĻ⧇āĻŦāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ āĻŦāĻž āĻ—āĻ āύāĨ¤ āĻāĻ–āύ āϞāĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āϝ āĻ•āϰ⧋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ ‘why’ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻļ⧁āϰ⧁ āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āϞ⧇āĻ–āĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ ā§Ģ āϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āĻāϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āϞāĻŋāĻ–āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧋āĨ¤

You can answer of the question word ‘why’ in 5 patterns:

Question: Why is the boy visiting Dhaka?
Answer:

The Pattern Types are given below:

WHYAnswering Pattern TypesAnswer of ‘WHY?’
for+ (verb+ ing) for earning money.
to (verb+ base form of verb) to earn money.
The boy is visiting Dhakabecause of+ (verb+ ing) because of earning money
so that (subject+ want to+ base form of verb + object) so that he wants to earn money.
because (subject+ want to+ base form of verb + object) because he wants to earn money.
Why Question Patterns

Conclusion on Open-Ended questions

āĻāĻ–āύ āφāĻļāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻ›āĻŋ āϝ⧇ āĻāϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϰ āφāϰ āϕ⧋āύ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻāχ āϧāĻžāĻĒāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āĻ­āĻžāϞ⧋ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāϤ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ­āĻžāϞ⧋ āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āφāϰ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āϕ⧋āύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āφāĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āϜāĻžāύāĻŋāĻ“āĨ¤ āϧāĻ¨ā§āϝāĻŦāĻžāĻĻ!

Now, i hope you can easily answer the open-ended questions following the rules and structures you have learnt above. Learn and test your performance by going through a few comprehension passages. The more you will practice, the more you will learn. If you can answer the questions properly, my efforts will be justified. Please comment below on the rules of open-ended questions and let us know your thoughts. Share this lesson with your friends and family who need this lesson.

Advertisements

Share: